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Raffaello Cortina Editore

The Myths in the Stars

editore: Raffaello Cortina Editore

Behind every constellation lies a tale in a sky alive with the images of gods and heroes.

The Final Spectacle

Soviet Funerals that Have Gone Down in History

editore: Raffaello Cortina Editore

Lenin, Stalin, Gagarin, Majakovskij... Memorable funeral spectacles of the USSR.

Pills of Mathematics

Numbers in the Humanities and Science

editore: Raffaello Cortina Editore

The illness that has been diagnosed is scientific innumeracy, the cure prescribed: 120 “pills of mathematics”

On Friendship

Investigating a Sentiment that Concerns All of Us

editore: Raffaello Cortina Editore

Friendship is a basic sentiment that concerns everyone.  It links us with others but doesn’t exclude solitude, of which indeed it is the central part. It is both a miraculous source of joy and a fragile balance that has to be protected, cared for, nurtured. It is an ancestral sentiment composed of infinite nuances, susceptible to change depending on elements such as the time of life, gender, characters, as well as external, familial, social and historic conditions.Last but not least, friendship is of significant interest in psychiatry, particularly in this post-pandemic phase, and plays an important role in therapy.The words of great thinkers, poets, and authors from Friedrich Nietzsche to Emily Dickinson accompany Eugenio Borgna in this all-embracing reflection on the sentiment of friendship, to better capture its meaning and value.

Mourning and EMDR

From Diagnosis to Clinical Intervention

di Roger M. Solomon

editore: Raffaello Cortina Editore

pagine: 240

The world’s greatest expert on trauma and mourning    In this book, Roger Solomon draws on his wealth of experience and clinical sensitivity to explain how to work with mourning and the pain of loss. The author describes the impact that the loss of a loved one can have on innumerable functions, both intrapsychic and interpersonal, on the tasks that the mourner has to face in processing the sense of loss and the plethora of factors that can complicate mourning. After providing a brief panorama of EMDR, the author accompanies the therapist through the process step by step, integrating theoretical explanations with numerous accounts of clinical cases, using theoretical frameworks – including the theory of attachment and that of continuing bonds – that are efficacious for clinical work and a complete understanding of the cases presented. The author completes the volume with a detailed explanation of how to use EMDR therapy to facilitate the mourning process: each of the eight phases is examined in depth, in relation to working through grieving and the pain of loss.  

A Biography of Jesus

According to the Gospels

di Gianfranco Ravasi

editore: Raffaello Cortina Editore

pagine: 240

The life, passion and resurrection of Jesus as recounted by a great scholar This “biography” of Jesus is constructed on the watershed between faith and historical fact. The opening pages provide a setting that isolates the historical-cultural and geopolitical coordinates of the four Gospels, after which the reader is accompanied in a journey through their pages that offer a composite of portraits taken from different perspectives rather than an academic reconstruction of a character and his story. Gianfranco Ravasi develops this profile of Jesus adhering to certain fundamental features, starting from his public life in the village of Nazareth, his speeches that frequently flowed into parabolic narratives, his hands that moved in surprising gestures, catalogued as “miracles”. Then the supreme sacrifice, his death by capital execution condoned by Rome. But just when the curtain falls on Jesus’s earthly existence, a new phase of his life opens, a discriminant without precedence, defined as “resurrection”.  Understanding this requires another descriptive channel, mainly consigned to a transcendental consciousness, known as the “Paschal Mystery”.  

Serendipity

The Unexpected in Science

di Telmo Pievani

editore: Raffaello Cortina Editore

pagine: 200

Great discoveries that happened by chance. Serendipity and its heroes, from Christopher Columbus to Sherlock Holmes. How many times have you searched for something and come across something entirely different? A partner, a friend, a job, an object. It happens to scientists all the time: they design an experiment and the results reveal something totally unexpected, that often turns out to be quite important. This fascinating phenomenon is known as serendipity, coined from the Persian fable of the three princes of Serendip, sent out by their father to explore the world.In the history of science, this is how the greatest discoveries have been made. But here you won’t find the usual list of anecdotes about the discovery of penicillin, X-rays and microwave ovens. The most surprising serendipity stories reveal profound aspects of the logic of scientific discovery. These discoveries cannot be ascribed to fortune alone: serendipity springs from a mixture of astuteness and curiosity, of sagacity and accidents seized upon and transformed into knowledge in the blink of an eye. Above all, serendipity shows us things we didn’t know that we didn’t know. Following the success of The Natural History of Imperfection and Finitude, Telmo Pievani reveals the thrilling story of an idea. From Zadig to Sherlock Holmes, the numerous heroes of serendipity show us that Nature, out there, is always much greater than we ever imagine.

The Sea of the Gods

A Mythological Guide to the Greek Islands

di Giulio Guidorizzi, Silvia Romani

editore: Raffaello Cortina Editore

pagine: 326

Santorini, the Pompei of the Aegean, Kos, the island of Hippocrates and so of health and well-being, Rhodes, a flower blossoming from the sea… The islands came into being before mankind. From the beginning the Greeks thought of themselves as a part of constellation of lands surrounded by sea: a myriad of stars belonging to the same galaxy. This was where the sun of our civilization rose: thousands of years ago, in those islands men began to build ships, and model idols from clay. These are wonderful places, the shores lapped by what is probably the most beautiful sea in the world, places where even as tourists it is possible to feel the breath of the gods and the heroes who lived there in antiquity.Following on Treading where the gods once walked. A mythological guide to Greece, this volume embarks on a quest for new beaches from which to enchant the reader with timeless tales of the heroes and the mortals who have made the Greek islands more than just a mark on a map, rather a place to which we dream of returning.

Finitude

A Philosophical Novel on Fragility and Freedom

di Telmo Pievani

editore: Raffaello Cortina Editore

pagine: 275

A philosophical detective story: how to find a meaning to existence if everything comes to an end? Camus and Monod provide an answer, in a compelling dialogue between fiction and reality staged by Telmo Pievani. The writer Albert Camus doesn’t die in that accident on January 4, 1960. His closest friend, the geneticist Jacques Monod, goes to visit him in hospital. They are writing a book together. They read the drafts, evoke memories of their adventures in Paris during the Resistance. A world vision starts to take form, full of disenchantment. Science has revealed the finitude of everything: of the universe, of planet Earth, all living species, of each and every one of us. How are we to find a meaning to existence, while accepting our finiteness?Camus and Monod review all the lay possibilities of challenging death. The investigation becomes a philosophical detective story. Maybe finitude does not imply nihilism after all, but rather solidarity, revolution, a life lived to the full. An elegant divertissement of fact woven with fiction, Finitudine is the story of a real friendship between two Nobel prize winners, a fascinating dialogue, a book within a book. Following on the success of his book Imperfezione.

The Natural History of Imperfection

di Telmo Pievani

editore: Raffaello Cortina Editore

pagine: 220

In his Notebook B (September 1837), a young Charles Darwin wrote: “When one sees nipple on man’s breast, one does not say some use. So with useless wings under elytra of beetles, born from beetles with wings and modified. If simple creation, surely would have been born without them”. Where there is perfection, there is no history.Where there is perfection, everything has already happened. When we look at nature, our goal is not perfection. We should be interested in imperfections, because they are a promise of change, something is happening there and not everything has already been written. Evolution feeds on imperfections. Acclaimed Italian science writer and evolutionist Telmo Pievani, in the wake of the work of his masters like Stephen J. Gould and Luigi Luca Cavalli Sforza, traces the history and the role of imperfection in natural history, starting with the tiny imperfection into the primordial quantum vacuum that gave birth to our universe from an infinitesimal and random physical anomaly, from a contingent fluctuation.The story continues with the evolution of our planet, randomly in the right place at the right time, the origin of life, the Great Oxygenation Event, the Cambrian explosion and its oddities,the evolution of terrestrial tetrapods and their anatomical imperfect adjustments. And again, other frozen accidents on the scene, like the lucky evolution of mammals, the imperfectionsof bipedalism in our family tree, the risky adaptations of human language and neoteny. Homo sapiens is the son of successful imperfections. And now, such an imperfect species is the master of the ecological world. Our body, our brain, our DNA are repositories of imperfections, and therefore they are so creative systems. Evolution works on existing constrained material and it does what it can, not the best. Tinkering is the right metaphor, not optimal engineering. In this brilliant book, Lucrezio’s clinamen is revisited for the first time through the lenses of contemporary science. Imperfection, like diversity, is seen as our major ally, not enemy. But imperfection associated with power could be dangerous. The title of the final chapter is: Would you buy a used car from Homo sapiens?

La ricerca come sfida per lo psicoanalista

rivista: La Rivista di Psicoanalisi

di Anna Maria Nicolò

La ricerca in psicoanalisi costituisce una sfida per gli psicoanalisti a causa di forti elementi di invalutabilità nella relazione analitica. Gli strumenti dell’analista potrebbero essere ritenuti non utilizzabili dalla scienza empirica, tuttavia esistono altre possibilità di studio degli eventi emotivi. C’è una similitudine tra il funzionamento mentale del ricercatore e quello dell’analista perché dubbio, curiosità e umiltà sono qualità importanti sia per fare ricerca che per essere analisti. La ricerca non è solo un obiettivo ma diventa un modello di funzionamento della mente, un attivatore della sua trasformazione e si costituisce come un veicolo per arrivarci. Il lavoro per esempio in gruppi di ricerca, a cui possono partecipare analisti di orientamento diverso e con differenti gradi di esperienza e formazione, favorisce un continuo confronto e lo sviluppo di una cultura di verifica tra pari. Parole chiave: Complessità, gruppi di ricerca, istituti di psicoanalisi, ricerca, ricerca clinica, training. Research as a challenge for the psychoanalyst. Research in psychoanalysis represents a challenge for psychoanalysts due to the many elements that cannot be evaluated in an analytic relationship. An analyst’s tools might not be considered utilizable by empirical science, but there might be other ways to study emotional events. A researcher’s and an analyst’s mental functioning are similar because doubt, curiosity, and humility are important qualities both for doing research and for being a good analyst. Research is not only a goal but becomes a model for the mind’s functioning, an activator for its transformation and can become a tool for reaching it. Work in groups made up of analysts of various schools and with varying degrees of training and experience can favor constant confrontation and contribute to developing a culture of inquiry among peers. Keywords: Clinical research, complexity, psychoanalytical institutes, research, research groups, training. La recherche comme défi pour le psychanalyste. La recherche en psychanalyse est un défi pour les psychanalystes à cause des forts éléments de subjectivité dans la relation analytique. Les outils de l’analyste pourraient être considérés comme n’étant pas utilisés par la science empirique, mais il existe d’autres possibilités pour étudier les événements émotionnels. Il y a une similitude entre le fonctionnement mental du chercheur et celui de l’analyste car le doute, la curiosité et l’humilité sont des qualités importantes à la fois pour faire de la recherche et pour être des analystes. La recherche n’est pas seulement un but mais devient un modèle du fonctionnement de l’esprit, un activateur de sa transformation et constitue un véhicule pour y parvenir. Par exemple, le travail dans des groupes de recherche, auxquels peuvent participer des analystes de différentes orientations et avec différents degrés d’expérience et de formation, favorise un dialogue continu et le développement d’une culture d’évaluation parmi les pairs. Mots clés: Complexité, formation, groupes de recherche, instituts de psychanalyse, recherche, recherche clinique. La investigación como desafío para el psicoanalista. La investigación en psicoanálisis es un desafío para los psicoanalistas debido a los elementos que no resultan evaluables en la relación analítica. Las herramientas del analista podrían ser considerados como no utilizables para la ciencia empírica; no obstante, existen otras posibilidades de estudio de los hechos emotivos. Hay una similitud entre el funcionamiento mental del investigador y el del analista porque duda, curiosidad y humildad son calidades importantes tanto para hacer investigación como para ser analistas. La investigación no es únicamente un objetivo, sino también un modelo de funcionamiento de la mente, un activador de su transformación y se constituye en vehículo para llegar hasta allí. Por ejemplo, el trabajo en equipos de investigación, en los que participan analistas de orientaciones diferentes y con distintos grados de experiencia y formación, favorece una constante confrontación y el desarrollo de una cultura de comprobación entre iguales. Palabras Clave: Complejidad, equipos de investigación, institutos de psicoanálisis, investigación, investigación clínica, training. Die Forschung als Herausforderung für den Psychoanalytiker. Die Forschung in der Psychoanalyse stellt aufgrund starker Elemente der Immensurabilität in der analytischen Beziehung eine Herausforderung für den Psychoanalytiker dar. Die Instrumente des Analytikers können von der empirischen Wissenschaft als nicht verwertbar erachtet werden, dennoch existieren andere Möglichkeiten der Erforschung emotionaler Ereignisse. Es besteht eine Ähnlichkeit zwischen dem mentalen Funktionieren des Wissenschaftlers und dem des Analytikers, da Zweifel, Neugier und Bescheidenheit wichtige Eigenschaften sowohl für die Forschungs- als auch für die Analytikertätigkeit sind. Die Forschung ist nicht lediglich ein Ziel, sie wird zu einem Funktionsmodell des Verstandes, einem Auslöser seiner Transformation und Mittel, dorthin zu gelangen. Die Arbeit in Forschungsgruppen beispielsweise, denen Analytiker verschiedener Richtungen und unterschiedlichen Erfahrungs- und Ausbildungsstandes angehören können, fördert eine stetige Gegenüberstellung und die Entwicklung einer Verifikationskultur unter Gleichen. Schlüsselwörter: Forschung, Forschungsgruppen, Institute für Psychoanalyse, klinische Forschung, Komplexität, Training.

I gruppi di ricerca sulle trasformazioni nel processo analitico

rivista: La Rivista di Psicoanalisi

di Massimo Vigna-Taglianti

Fin dagli Studi sull’isteria Freud ha tentato di fondare la psicoanalisi su presupposti scientifici. Tutta la sua opera può essere concepita come una ricerca caratterizzata dalla mentalità di sapere ridefinire le proprie provvisorie conclusioni, muovendo da nuovi fenomeni che si manifestano nel campo delle proprie osservazioni. Molti altri autori dopo di lui hanno seguito questo solco e sostenuto che la situazione clinica è, in psicoanalisi, quella più valida per la ricerca. Alla luce di questo presupposto concettuale vengono illustrati, in questo articolo, il Three-Level-Model for Observing Patient’s Transformations e il progetto di ricerca su di esso fondato che la Società Psicoanalitica Italiana sta promuovendo. Nel lavoro vengono inoltre esaminati gli obiettivi scientifici e istituzionali a breve, medio e lungo termine dei gruppi di ricerca basati sul Three-Level-Method: un metodo euristico concepito per condurre osservazioni cliniche sistematiche sulle trasformazioni di pazienti in trattamento psicoanalitico che può essere adottato come un protocollo di lavoro per gruppi di discussione volti a potenziare, attraverso l’analisi sistematica di materiale clinico, le capacità di osservazione dei partecipanti e a migliorare le capacità di ascolto e di elaborazione – il cosiddetto «secondo sguardo» – degli analisti. Parole chiave: Gruppi, osservazione, ricerca, trasformazioni, Three-Level-Model. Research Groups on transformations in the analytic process. Since Studies on Hysteria, Freud tried to lay scientific foundations for psychoanalysis. His entire work can be viewed as a research informed by being able to re-define one’s own provisional conclusions, starting off from new phenomena that manifest themselves in the field of one’s own observations. Many other authors after him followed this line and maintained that, in psychoanalysis, the clinical situation suits research best. In light of this conceptual assumption, in this paper we explore the Three-Level-Model for Observing Patient’s Transformations and the research project based upon it that has been promoted by the Italian Psychoanalytic Society. Here, the scientific and institutional short-, medium- and long-term goals of the research groups based on the Three-Level-Method are explored. This is a heuristic method that has been conceived to carry out systematic clinical observations of the transformations of the patients in psychoanalytic treatment that can be used as a working protocol for discussion groups aiming to enhance, through a systematic analysis of the clinical material, the observation skills of the participants and to improve the listening and working through capacity – the so-called «second look» – of the analysts. Keywords: Groups – observation, research, transformations, Three-Level-Model. Groupes de recherche sur les transformations du processus analytique. Depuis les études sur l’hystérie, Freud a tenté de fonder la psychanalyse sur des hypothèses scientifiques. Tout son travail peut être conçu comme une recherche caractérisée par la mentalité de savoir redéfinir ses conclusions provisoires, en partant de nouveaux phénomènes qui se manifestent dans le champ de leurs observations. Beaucoup d’autres auteurs après lui ont suivi cette ligne et soutenu que la situation clinique est, en psychanalyse, la plus valable pour la recherche. À la lumière de cette prémisse conceptuelle sont expliquées dans cet article, le modèle à trois niveaux d’observation du pour les transformations du patient et le projet de recherche, fondé sur ce modèle, que la Société psychanalytique italienne est en train de promouvoir. Dans le document, sont également examiné les objectifs scientifiques et institutionnels à court, moyen et long terme des groupes de recherche sur la Méthode à Trois Niveaux: une méthode heuristique conçu pour effectuer des observations cliniques systématiques sur les transformations de patients en traitement psychanalytiques qui peut être adoptée comme un protocole de travail pour des groupes de discussion visant à renforcer, par l’analyse systématique de matériel clinique, les capacités d’observation des participants et améliorer la capacité d’écoute et de traitement – la soi-disant «deuxième regard» – des analystes. Mots clés: Groupes, modèle à trois niveaux, observation, recherche, transformations. Los grupos de investigación sobre las transformaciones en el proceso analítico. Desde el Estudio sobre la histeria, Freud trató de fundar el psicoanálisis en presupuestos científicos. Se puede concebir toda su obra como una investigación caracterizada por la mentalidad de saber cómo redefinir sus propias conclusiones provisionales, a partir de los nuevos fenómenos que se presentan en su sector de observación. Muchos otros autores después de él siguieron la misma línea y afirmaron que la situación clínica es, en el psicoanálisis, la mas válida para la investigación. En este marco conceptual se presentan, en este artículo, el Three-Level-Model for Observing Patient’s Transformations y el proyecto de investigación que la Sociedad Psicoanalítica Italiana esta promoviendo. En este trabajo analizamos también los objetivos científicos e institucionales a corto, mediano y largo plazo de los grupos de investigación basados en el Three Level Method: un método heurístico destinado a conducir observaciones clínicas sistemáticas de la transformaciones de los pacientes analizados, que se puede adoptar como protocolo de trabajo en los grupos de debate, que potencien, a través del análisis sistemático de la documentación clínica, las capacidadees de observación de los participantes, y mejoren las capacidades de escucha y de elaboración – la llamada «segunda mirada» – de los analistas. Palabras Clave: Grupos, investigación, observación, transformaciones, Three-Level-Model. Die Forschungsgruppen zu den Transformationen im analytischen Prozess. Von den Studien über Hysterie an hat Freud versucht die Psychoanalyse auf wissenschaftliche Bedingungen zu gründen. Sein gesamtes Werk kann als ein Forschen verstanden werden, das sich durch ein Denken auszeichnet, welches die eigenen vorläufigen Schlussfolgerungen ausgehend von neuen Phänomenen, die im Feld der eigenen Beobachtungen auftreten, neu zu definieren weiß. Viele andere Autoren nach ihm sind dieser Spur gefolgt und haben die Ansicht vertreten, dass die klinische Situation in der Psychoanalyse die für die Forschung valideste ist. Im Licht dieser konzeptuellen Voraussetzung werden in diesem Artikel das Three-Level-Model for Observing Patient’s Transformations und das auf diesem begründete, von der Italienischen Psychoanalytischen Gesellschaft geförderte Forschungsprojekt illustriert. In der Arbeit werden zudem die kurz-, mittel- und langfristigen wissenschaftlichen und institutionellen Ziele der Forschungsgruppen untersucht, die auf der Three-Level-Method basieren: eine heuristische Methode zur Durchführung systematischer klinischer Beobachtungen über die Transformationen der Patienten in psychoanalytischer Behandlung, die als Arbeitsprotokoll für Diskussionsgruppen übernommen werden kann, welche darauf ausgerichtet sind, durch die systematische Analyse klinischen Materials die Beobachtungsfähigkeiten der Teilnehmer zu stärken und die Fähigkeit der Analytiker, zuzuhören und auszuarbeiten – den sogenannten «zweiten Blick» – zu verbessern. Schlüsselwörter: Beobachtung, Gruppen, Forschung, Transformationen, Three-Level-Model.

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